Introduction

Its all stone age weapons which shows early material
 science.

When did science begin? Perhaps when early humans, more than a million years ago, picked up rocks and chipped them to form stone tools. Someone tried several different kinds of rocks. She or he noticed that a particular type of rock produced a cleaner, sharper edge than the other types. This was one of the first trial-and-error series of experiments. Gradually other kinds of rocks were tested and found to be even better. Materials scientist do the same today, formulating the latest metal alloys and tailor-made composits for special purposes.






Scientific Method

Leonardo da Vinci’s Flying machine structure, the
precursor to the airplane. Its to heavy that's
why Its never gets it s actual value.

Science is supposed to progress in a sensible, rational, step-by-step way known as the scientific method. We have and idea, a theory or an hypothesis. this must be in such a form that it makes predictions. We design experiments and tests to check the predictions. During the experiments we study, observe, measure and assess. We examine and analyze the results. If they fit the predictions, they support the original theory. After double-and triple-checking the experiments and results, we can move to the next stage. in this way we gradually build up a vast and interlinked body of knowledge and understanding, the stretches from the tiniest particles of matter, to the entire contents of the universe.






Real Science

Isaac Newton 

The reality, however, is rather different. Science is not always logical and sensible, moving forwards in small, tried-and-tested stages. People have sudden insights and flashes of inspiration that can cause a scientific revolution. For example, Isaac Newton supposedly had his ideas about gravity when an apple fell nearby, perhaps even on his head. This simple event led to his theory of universal gravitation. it was so important that it formed a new foundation for the physical science for more than three and a half centuries. Then Albert Einstein brought yet another huge advance in the early 20th century, with his theory of special relativity, followed by his theory of general relativity.

Albert Einstein

Fields of Science


There are many branches or fields of science. In general, they fall into three broad Groups. These are physical, chemical and biological. 
The physical sciences deal with matter, energy, movement and the structure of the universe. They are also concerned with machinery and Technology. 
Chemical sciences include the study of substances or chemicals (the chemical elements), what they are made of, and how they differ from each other in their many properties ad features. another very important area of chemistry is how substances or react together.
The biological sciences cover life and living things in all their forms, from microscopic germs to giant redwood trees and blue whales. They concern how they survive, move about,feed,breed and interact with their surroundings or environment.

Combined Sciences

This is artificial organs which need combined science.

Traditionally, these three main branches of science were very separate.Today, they are usually found together. To make an artificial part or prosthesis for the body, such as joint, requires all three branches to come together. The joint must withstand physical stresses and strains, chemical exposure to body salts and fluids, and biological content with the body's microscopic cells. The sections in this book reflect the main branches of science, but also highlights the links and connections between them. the pages begin with the basic building-blocks of matter, atoms, and the forces that hold them together. They move to an ever-larger scale, ending with a look at the whole Universe and the nature of space and time.

All about science.

Why do Science?


Why is science carry out at all? To increase knowledge and understanding - although this may not seem to be especially relevant to daily life. however, science has brought enormous changes to our modern world. We have hi-tech gadgets such as CD players, mobile phones, cars, planes, computer and the Internet. most people live longer, more comfortable, healthier lives than ever before.
Yet our natural resources such as petroleum(crude oil) have almost been used up. Famine and disease are widespread in some regions. Playing with nature's genes could unleash a new breed of medicine-resistant super- bug.

How ever , these are not the results of science itself, but of the way that science is used and applied.


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